Disclaimer and privacy

Disclaimer

Public Health Australia provides general public health education. It is not medical advice and does not replace advice from your doctor or another qualified health professional. Health information changes, so always check the date a page was last checked and follow the latest official advice.

If you need health advice, talk to your GP or call healthdirect on 1800 022 222. In an emergency, call triple zero (000).

Independent public health education. Not affiliated with any government agency, the Public Health Association of Australia, or Public Health Training / EZE Training Pty Ltd. Not medical advice. If you need health advice, talk to your GP or call healthdirect on 1800 022 222.

Links to other websites are provided for your information. We are not responsible for their content.

Privacy

• We use Cloudflare Web Analytics to count visits. It does not use cookies and does not collect personal data.
• This website has no forms, accounts or comments, so we do not collect your name, email or other personal details here.
• Embedded videos load from YouTube's privacy-enhanced mode (youtube-nocookie.com). YouTube's own privacy terms apply when you play a video or visit YouTube.
• If you message us on Instagram, Instagram's privacy terms apply. Please don't share private health information in messages or comments.

Last updated: 30 October 2026.